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How to use the conditional simple tense in Spanish?

By: Irati de Nicolás Saiz

The conditional mood is used to make assumptions about the past and to hypothesize about the present and the future. This mood has two tenses: present (aka simple) and past. The conditional simple in Spanish differs from English because in English we need two words to make hypotheses: would + verb, while in Spanish you only need one:

–Si ganas la lotería, ¿qué harías?

–If you won the lottery, what would you do?

Compraría una casa con piscina.

–I would buy a house with a pool.

Would you like to know more about the conditional simple? Keep reading!

How to form the conditional simple in Spanish?

In order to form the regular conditional simple, we need to attach the following endings to the infinitive forms of the verbs; for instance: estudiarestudiaría. It doesn’t matter if the verb is an -ar, -er, or -ir verb, the endings are all the same! Easy, right?

*vosotros/vosotras is only used in Spain
PronounENDINGS-AR VERBSestudiarto studywould study-ER VERBScomerto eatwould eat-IR VERBSvivirto livewould live
yo
-ía
estudiaría
comería
viviría
-ías
estudiarías
comerías
vivirías
ella, él, usted
-ía
estudiaría
comería
viviría
nosotras, nosotros
-íamos
estudiaríamos
comeríamos
viviríamos
*vosotras, vosotros
-íais
estudiaríais
comeríais
viviríais
ellas, ellos, ustedes
-ían
estudiarían
comerían
vivirían

Irregular verbs in the conditional tense are formed with the same endings as above, but the first part (aka the stem) is irregular.

ponerpondría - ponería

to put → I would put

quererquerría - querería

to want → I would want

Do they look familiar? Irregular verbs in the conditional tense are the same irregular verbs in the future tense. If you want to know more on future verbs, check out our post on the Spanish future tense and don’t forget to take a look at this table for irregular verbs in the conditional!

How do you use the conditional simple in Spanish?

Now that we know how to form the conditional, let's see how and when to use it. We use the conditional simple to make assumptions about the past, to hypothesize about the present and future, to express courtesy, and to give our opinion or suggestions.

Make assumptions about the past

We use the conditional tense when we want to make assumptions or speculate about an action/event in the past. Let’s explore these examples:

¿Te acuerdas de aquel día que llamaron a la puerta a las 3 de la mañana?
¿Quién sería? ¿Qué querría?
Translation: Do you remember that day that someone knocked on the door at 3 am?
Who would it be? What would he/she want?

Hypothesize the present or the future

We also use the conditional tense when we want to convey a hypothetical situation, that is, to talk about what someone would do (now or in the future) if they could do it.

No encuentro mi cartera.
Yo en tu lugar, llamaría al restaurante por si la encontraron.
Translation: I can’t find my wallet.
If I were you, I would call the restaurant to see if they found it.
Si te ofrecen un trabajo en Alaska, ¿irías?
Translation: If someone offers you a job in Alaska, would you go?

Make wishes

We can also use the conditional to express things that we would like to see happen. These wishes are usually expressed with verbs like gustar meaning to like, encantar meaning to love, ser meaning to be + adjective.

Me gustaría visitar tu universidad.
Translation: I would like to visit your university.
Nos encantaría vivir en Australia por un año.
Translation: We would love to live in Australia for one year.
Sería fascinante explorar el Amazonas.
Translation: It would be fascinating to explore the Amazon.

If you want to know more on verbs like gustar, check out this post!

Express courtesy or kindness

We also use the conditional simple to express courtesy or kindness.

¿Me podrías indicar cómo llegar a este lugar?
Translation: Could you tell me how to get to this place?
¿Te importaría quedar el sábado en vez del viernes?
Translation: Would you mind if we meet on Saturday instead of on Friday?

Give opinions, advice, and make suggestions

Finally, we can also use the conditional to give our opinion about actions or behavior:

–Fíjate en Juan, dejó su trabajo y se fue a vivir a una granja.
Translation: –Look at Juan, he quit his job and he went to live on a farm.

Opinion →

–¿Sí? no debería hacer eso.

–He shouldn’t do that.

We can use modal verbs (should, would, could) in the conditional simple to give or ask for advice and make suggestions, especially with the verbs poder meaning can, deber meaning should, and tener que meaning have to:

Suggestion →

Yo podría ir a recogerte al aeropuerto.

I could pick you up from the airport.

Advice →

Deberías hacer más ejercicio.

You should exercise more.

Notice that when you use poder and deber in the conditional simple, the English equivalents are “could” and “should,” respectively. If you want to learn more on Spanish modal verbs, check out this post!

Finally, don’t forget to take a look at these Spanish conjugation tables with modal verbs in the conditional.

Conclusion

The conditional simple tense in Spanish is very easy to form! We form it by attaching the appropriate ending to the infinitive. We also discussed the main uses of the conditional, use it to:

  • make assumptions about the past;

  • make hypotheses about the past or present;

  • express courtesy or kindness;

  • express wishes;

  • give your opinion or advice and make suggestions.

Do you want to practice? Try out this Spanish conditional exercise we created for you! Enjoy!

Meet the Author

Irati de Nicolás Saiz

Irati de Nicolás Saiz

Irati is a linguist and an experienced University Spanish teacher with a PhD in Hispanic Linguistics. She has a passion for teaching languages and loves developing creative, authentic teaching materials that incorporate technology. In her free time, she loves playing soccer!

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