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How to use the adverb 就 (jiù) to express emphasis in Mandarin Chinese?

By: Lina Shen

The adverb transcribed jiù is used to express emphasis and has several translations: really, exactly, precisely, only are just a few of them.Next time you’re chatting with a friend, see how long you speak before the words “just” or “really” are spoken. Probably it won’t be more than a minute. In Mandarin Chinese, the equivalent character transcribed jiù is just as common. Fortunately, it’s really easy to use and you will use it a lot in daily Mandarin. If you want to speak like a pro, here you go! Let’s take a look!

How to use 就 (jiù) to emphasize “truly / really / exactly / precisely” in Mandarin Chinese?

The adverb transcribed jiù is used before the verb to emphasize the part of the sentence that follows the verb. When spoken, transcribed jiù is stressedl. Here is the sentence pattern:

林老师
Transcription: Tā jiù shì lín lǎoshī.
Translation: He really is Teacher Lin.

↳ This emphasis is used when you’re surprised to encounter Teacher Lin or when your interlocutor is doubtful that the person referenced really is Teacher Lin. Note that is spoken with the same kind of emphasis as “really is” has in the corresponding English sentence.

喜欢吃中餐
Transcription: Wǒ jiù xǐhuan chī zhōngcān.
Translation: I really like to eat Chinese food.
我想要的东西
Transcription: Zhè jiù shì wǒ xiǎng yào de dōngxi.
Translation: This is exactly what I wanted.
想看电影
Transcription: Wǒ jiù bù xiǎng kàn diànyǐng.
Translation: I absolutely don’t want to watch a movie.

Please note that the adverb transcribed jiù can be omitted in the sentences above in the same way that you can omit “really” from the sentence “I really don’t want to watch a movie.” If transcribed jiù is omitted, these sentences lose the emphasis expressed by “really/exactly/precisely.”

Let’s look at more examples:

Sentences with transcribed jiù to emphasizeSentences without transcribed jiù
是新来的学生。
Transcription: Tā jiù shì xīnlái de xuésheng.
Translation: He really is the new student (in class / in school).
Used to emphasize that the person indicated and not another is the new student.
他是新来的学生。
Transcription: Tā shì xīnlái de xuésheng.
Translation: He is a new student (in class / in school).
我哥哥不想去动物园。
Transcription: Wǒ gēge jiù bù xiǎng qù dòngwù yuán.
Translation: My older brother absolutely doesn’t want to go to the zoo.
我哥哥不想去动物园。
Transcription: Wǒ gēge jiù bù xiǎng qù dòngwù yuán.
Translation: My older brother doesn’t want to go to the zoo.

How to use 就 (jiù) to emphasize certainty about a specified time in Mandarin Chinese?

The adverb transcribed jiù is used with a time phrase (usually referring to a short period of time) before the verb to emphasize that the action will happen or take place in the stated time frame. It carries the meaning of “immediately / at once.” The sentence pattern is:

十分钟后能到学校
Transcription: Wǒ shí fēnzhōng hòu jiù néng dào xuéxiào.
Translation: I definitely can make it to school in just 10 minutes.
他去超市了,一会儿回来
Transcription: Tā qù chāoshì le, yíhuìr jiù huílái.
Translation: He went to the supermarket, (and) he will be back in a bit.
吃完晚饭后去睡觉
Transcription: Tā chī wán wǎnfàn hòu jiù qù shuìjiào.
Translation: Immediately after having dinner, he went to sleep at once.
现在作业
Transcription: Wǒ xiànzài jiù xiě zuòyè.
Translation: I'm going to do homework right now.

How to use 就 (jiù) to emphasize the meaning of “only” in Mandarin Chinese?

The adverb transcribed jiù is used before a verb to emphasize the meaning of “only” ( transcribed zhǐ). In this sentence pattern, transcribed jiù is interchangeable with transcribed zhǐmeaning only. A numeral-measure phrase (number + measure word + noun) always follows. The sentence pattern is:

我们班今天就/只来了12个同学
Transcription: Wǒmen bān jīntiān jiù/zhǐ lái le shíèr ge tóngxué.
Translation: Only 12 classmates came to class today.
爸爸今天就/只吃了一顿饭
Transcription: Bàba jīntiān jiù/zhǐ chī le yí dùn fàn.
Translation: Dad only had one meal today.
就/只五个小时吗?
Transcription: Nǐ jiù/zhǐ shuì wǔ ge xiǎoshí ma?
Translation: Do you sleep for only 5 hours?
你们就/只一个菜吗?
Transcription: Nǐmen jiù/zhǐ diǎn yí ge cài ma?
Translation: Are you going to order only one dish?
昨晚我就/只看了半个小时电视
Transcription: Zuówǎn wǒ jiù/zhǐ kàn le bànge xiǎoshí diànshì.
Translation: I watched TV for only a half hour last night.
这件事我就/只告诉了两个人
Transcription: Zhèjiàn shì wǒ jiù/zhǐ gàosù le liǎng ge rén.
Translation: I told only two people about this matter.

How to use 就 (jiù) in fixed sentence patterns for emphasis in Mandarin Chinese?

The adverb transcribed jiù can also be used for emphasis in fixed sentence patterns to mean “be about to” and “so be it/that’s it.” Let’s take a look.

How to use 就 (jiù) to express “be about to”?

Expressing the idea of to “be about to” do something in the immediate future is such a common and frequent use of language in Mandarin that it has its own post. So, please check out our post on expressing “be about to” with transcribed jiù!

How to use 就这样吧 (jiù zhèyàng ba) to express “so be it/that’s it”?

The phrase 就这样吧 transcribed jiù zhèyàng ba can be used in the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence to emphasize that nothing can be done to change the situation for now or to emphasize that that’s it and nothing more. It is roughly equivalent to the fixed English phrase “it’s it and that’s that” (or simply “that’s that”). Let’s look at these examples:

这件事就这样吧。我们以后再商量。
Transcription: Zhèjiàn shì jiù zhèyàng ba. wǒmen yǐhòu zài shāngliang.
Translation: Let’s leave it at that. We will discuss it later.
就这样吧,你现在可以回家了。
Transcription: Jiù zhèyàng ba, nǐ xiànzài kěyǐ huíjiā le.
Translation: That’s all. You can go home now.
好,就这样吧,我们下次见。
Transcription: Hǎo, jiù zhèyàng ba, wǒmen xiàcì jiàn.
Translation: Alright, that’s it. See you next time.

How to use 就 (jiù) in a complex sentence for emphasis in Mandarin Chinese?

Complex sentences are sentences that have a dependent and an independent clause. For example: “If it rains, we won’t go to the park.” The first clause (“if it rains”) is the dependent clause, because it is not a complete thought by itself, i.e. if it rains, what? This dependent clause depends on the independent clause (“we won’t go to the park”) to function in the sentence.

Consider complex sentences beginning with these dependent clauses:

  • As long as you’re going to the grocery store,

  • If you’re bored,

  • In order to get there on time,

  • Since you think you’re so tough,

You can surely imagine how each of these sentences might conclude. In Mandarin Chinese, the independent clause that would conclude these sentences would contain the adverb transcribed jiù. Its function in the sentence is to emphasize the action that satisfies the condition or purpose named in the first clause.

This kind of clause always begins with words like 如果 transcribed rúguǒmeaning if, 只要 transcribed zhǐyàomeaning as long as, 既然 transcribed jìránmeaning since, or 为了 transcribed wèi lemeaning in order to in the first clause. Let's look at the full sentence pattern:

First clauseSecond clause with transcribed jiù

如果 transcribed rúguǒmeaning if + subject + verb + (object)

(subject) + transcribed jiù + verb + (object)

只要 transcribed zhǐyàomeaning as long as + subject + verb + (object)

(subject) + transcribed jiù + verb + (object)

既然 transcribed jìránmeaning since + subject + verb + (object)

(subject) + transcribed jiù + verb + (object)

为了 transcribed wèi lemeaning in order to + subject + verb + (object)

(subject) + transcribed jiù + verb + (object)

如果你愿意,嫁给我吧!
Transcription: Rúguǒ nǐ yuànyì, jiù jià gěi wǒ ba!
Translation: If you will, marry me!
只要你每天说汉语,你的汉语会有进步。
Transcription: Zhìyào měitiān shuō hànyǔ, nǐ de hànyǔ jiù huì yǒu jìnbù.
Translation: As long as you speak Chinese every day, your Chinese will improve.
既然你生病了,别去上课了。
Transcription: Jìrán nǐ shēngbìng le, jiù bié qù shàngkè le.
Translation: Since you are not feeling well, don't go to class.
为了能占到好坐位,他们很早去了。
Transcription: Wèile néng zhàndào hǎo zuòwèi, tāmen hěn zǎo jiù qù le.
Translation: In order to get good seats, they went early.

To sum up

In this post we discussed how transcribed jiù is used:

  • to mean “really,” “exactly,” “precisely,” and other words that add emphasis

  • to make time more precise

  • to mean “only”

  • to express “be about to”

  • to emphasize that nothing can be done (that’s that)

  • with complex condition or purpose sentences

“就” 就是个很有用的字! transcribed jiù jiù shì ge hěn yǒu yòng de zimeaning 就 (jiù) is a really usefful character!, and it's really easy to use, so learn it!

就这样吧! transcribed jiù zhèyàng bameaning That's all! Don’t forget to try these exercises to practice your understanding of the adverb transcribed jiù.

Meet the Author

Lina Shen

Lina Shen

Lina is an experienced Chinese Mandarin teacher with a BA in English and a senior professional certification in teaching Chinese to foreign learners.

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