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Study Resource: Japanese kinship terms

By: Mayumi Ito

Table of Japanese kinship terms

Remember that the terms you use to refer to family members can depend on two factors:

  1. Whose family member are you referring to: yours or someone else's?

  2. Who are you talking to: another member of your family, or someone outside the family?

Here are the most common terms you'll need:

EnglishJapanese

Grandparents

n/a

祖父母 transcribed sofubo
ご祖父母さま transcribed gosofubo sama

Grandfather

(お)じいちゃん transcribed ojiichan
祖父 transcribed sofu
おじいさん transcribed ojiisanおじいさま transcribed ojiisama

Grandmother

(お)ばあちゃん transcribed obāchan
祖母 transcribed sobo
おばあさん transcribed obāsanおばあさま transcribed obāsama

Parent(s)

n/a

transcribed oya両親 transcribed ryōshin父母 transcribed fubo
ご両親 transcribed goryōshinご両親さま transcribed goryōshinsama

Father

(お)父さん transcribed otōsan(お)父さんちゃん transcribed otōchan親父 transcribed oyaji
transcribed chichi
お父さん transcribed otōsanお父さま transcribed otōsama

Mother

(お)母さん transcribed okāsan(お)母ちゃん transcribed okāchanお袋 transcribed ofukuro
transcribed haha
お母さん transcribed okāsanお母さま transcribed okāsama

Spouse

n/a

配偶者 transcribed haigūsha

n/a

Married Couple

n/a

夫婦 transcribed fūfu
ご夫婦 transcribed gofūfuご夫妻 transcribed gofusai

Husband

お父さん transcribed otōsanパパ transcribed papa

first name + さん transcribed san

あなた transcribed anata
transcribed otto主人 transcribed shujin亭主 transcribed teishu旦那 transcribed dan'na

last name

ご主人さま transcribed goshujin sama旦那さん transcribed dan'na san旦那さま transcribed dan'na sama

Wife

お母さん transcribed okāsanママ transcribed mama

first name

transcribed tsuma家内 transcribed kanai女房 transcribed nyōbo嫁さん transcribed yome san
奥さん transcribed okusan奥さま transcribed okusama

Child / children

あなたたち transcribed anatatachiおまえたち transcribed omaetachi
子供 transcribed kodomo
お子さん transcribed okosanお子さま transcribed okosama

Son

n/a

息子 transcribed musukoせがれ transcribed segare
息子さん transcribed musuko sanお坊ちゃん transcribed obocchanご子息 transcribed goshisoku

First-born son

お兄ちゃん transcribed oniichan

first name

長男 transcribed chōnan
ご長男 transcribed gochōnan

Second-born son

first name

次男 transcribed jinan
ご次男 transcribed gojinan

Daughter

n/a

transcribed musume
娘さん transcribed musume sanお嬢さん transcribed ojōsanお嬢さま transcribed ojōsama

First-born daughter

お姉ちゃん transcribed onēchan

first name (+ちゃん transcribed chan)

長女 transcribed chōjo
ご長女 transcribed gochōjo

Second-born daughter

first name (+ちゃん transcribed chan)

次女 transcribed jijo

Grandchild(ren)

first name (+ちゃん transcribed chan)

first name (+ transcribed kun)

transcribed mago
お孫さん transcribed omago san

Brothers

Siblings (mixed gender)

n/a

兄弟 transcribed kyōdai
ご兄弟 transcribed gokyōdai

Sisters

n/a

姉妹 transcribed shimai
ご姉妹 transcribed goshimai

Older brother

(お)兄ちゃん transcribed oniichan(お)兄さん transcribed oniisan兄貴 transcribed aniki
transcribed ani
お兄さん transcribed oniisanお兄さま transcribed oniisama

Older sister

(お)姉ちゃん transcribed onēchan(お)姉さん transcribed onēsan姉貴 transcribed aneki
transcribed ane
お姉さん transcribed onēsanお姉さま transcribed onēsama

Younger brother

first name

transcribed otōto
弟さん transcribed otōto san

Younger sister

first name

transcribed imōto
妹さん transcribed imōto san

Uncle

おじちゃん transcribed ojichanおじさん transcribed ojisanおじさま transcribed ojisama
おじ transcribed oji
おじさん transcribed ojisanおじさま transcribed ojisama

Aunt

おばちゃん transcribed obachanおばさん transcribed obasanおばさま transcribed obasama
おば transcribed oba
おばさん transcribed obasanおばさま transcribed obasama

Nephew

first name (+ちゃん transcribed chan)

first name (+ transcribed kun)

transcribed oi甥っ子 transcribed oikko
甥御さん transcribed oigo san

Niece

first name (+ちゃん transcribed chan)

transcribed mei姪っ子 transcribed meikko
姪御さん transcribed meigo san

Cousin

first name (+ちゃん transcribed chan)

first name (+ transcribed kun)

いとこ transcribed itoko
いとこさん transcribed itoko san

Relatives

n/a

親戚 transcribed shinseki親類 transcribed shinrui
ご親戚 transcribed goshinseki

Step parents

n/a

養父母 transcribed yōfubo
ご両親 transcribed goryōshinご両親さま transcribed goryōshinsama

Stepfather

お父さん transcribed otōsan
養父 transcribed yōfu
お父さん transcribed otōsanお父さま transcribed otōsama

Stepmother

お母さん transcribed okāsan
養母 transcribed yōbo
お母さん transcribed okāsanお母さま transcribed okāsama

Father-in-law

お義父さん transcribed otōsanお義父さま transcribed otōsama
義父 transcribed gifu transcribed shūto
お舅さん transcribed oshūto san

Mother-in-law

お義母さん transcribed okāsanお義母さま transcribed okāsama
義母 transcribed gibo transcribed shūtome
お姑さん transcribed oshūtome san